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TECHNOLOGY 27
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operations can drive people toward different behavioural
responses8. Within HCI research, multimodal measurement
techniques—such as eye-tracking, galvanic skin response
(GSR), electrocardiography (EKG), and event-related potentials

(ERP)—have gained prominence.
Eye-tracking reveals focal points and preferences, GSR
reflects levels of emotional arousal, and EKG provides insights
into psychological stress. Additionally, ERP, an advanced
neurophysiological tool, captures brain activity responses to
specific visual stimuli, allowing researchers to measure users’
subconscious reactions to design elements.
Collectively, these methods enable a more objective and
scientific examination of aesthetic preferences, supporting In neurasthenic and computational aesthetics, sensory

the development of more user-centred designs in furniture. features like colour and shape are known to significantly
Although furniture is a major product category, there is a impact user preferences. For example, Markus et al. found that
significant lack of HCI-related research on furniture aesthetic specific colours can evoke unique emotional responses, while
preference. Therefore, the introduction of HCI, utilising research Wang and Hsu demonstrated that symmetry and simplicity in
methods from applied psychology (such as eye tracking form enhance perceptions of beauty and emotional appeal.
and physiological measurement techniques), was chosen to These findings underscore the importance of visual
scientifically and objectively study consumer preferences for elements in shaping consumer emotions and preferences,

furniture. offering valuable insights for design.
This approach aims to provide precise design guidance Regarding the initial understanding of colours, names such
by incorporating scientific and objective perspectives. as rose red and lemon yellow are disorderly and imprecise.
Colour researchers worldwide have begun constructing
Leisure Chairs numerical colour systems to address this issue.
The leisure chair generally comes in various colourful, creative, Currently, three common colour systems are used
and popular shapes with young people. internationally: the Munsell colour system, the Ostwald colour
Using the theory of ergonomics and following a certain system, and the PCCS system formulated by the Japan Colour
principle of scale, Han designed a new type of leisure chair Research Institute.

to alleviate and improve the compression and fatigue of The visual perception of colour is influenced by various
the lumbar spine and spinal column during sedentary work factors, including hue, intensity, brightness, and lighting
and analysed it in comparison with the results of the finite conditions. Even when sharing the same colour palette,
element simulation. furniture items such as sofas, chairs, and couches can elicit
Research on leisure chairs’ appearance, visual sensibility, distinct sensory experiences.
and physiological feedback remains limited. Furthermore, different countries and regions have diverse
Form and colour play crucial roles in the design of leisure cultural backgrounds and religious beliefs, leading to varying

chairs, directly influencing people’s perceptions, comfort, and cultural perceptions of colour.
aesthetic experience. Furniture forms fall under the category of artificial forms,