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40 TECHNOLOGY MAY/JUN 2024 FDM ASIA | www.fdmasia.com

Ksenia Chernaya such as the automotive, healthcare, architecture, and furniture
industries. It enables the reverse engineering of complex
curved surfaces and the preparation of production systems.
Additionally, 3D scanning is used in the industry to develop

business attire patterns by integrating 3D customer data
obtained through the scanning process.
Three-dimensional scanning is used to digitalise furniture
parts when there is a lack of technical documentation. This
scanning application is presented in the second case study.
The use of 3D scanners also allows the analysis of deviations
in model surfaces, dimensional deviations, and geometric
tolerances (second and third case study). This information
helps to maintain production quality by controlling geometry

errors in the production process.
Smart factories can enhance quality and gain a competitive
(3D printing) and reverse engineering (based on 3D scanning) advantage using 3D metrological data.
can significantly influence and modernise old manufacturing The fourth analysed case study enables us to obtain
processes like sand casting. geometric documentation of objects within history and the arts,
allowing conservation and safeguarding of cultural heritage.
3D Scanning, Reverse Engineering & 3D Printing The application of 3D digital technologies in the conservation

The first analysed case study discusses using 3D scanning of cultural heritage has proven to help improve the collection,
to digitalise initial concept designs created by designers or storage, and consultation of information and data related to
architects. Hand-created designs are scanned into STL 3D diagnostic and restoration work.
models for manufacturing. Therefore, 3D scanning can be utilised to document furniture
An example is the 3D scanning of a lounge chair prototype. parts digitally and aid in their preservation and restoration,
The designer then modified the design using hand tools, but even in the absence of technical documentation.
it did not match the existing CAD models, requiring new From the literature review and the four case studies
scanning and CAD model creation. presented, it can be concluded that 3D scanning and reverse
This iterative approach allowed the development of a piece engineering have become integral parts of today’s industry in

of furniture of high-quality design. Three-dimensional scanning cases where new product development and design are needed.
digitalises the initial concept designs created by the product It is used in almost all development, design, manufacturing,
designer. Physical models can be converted to 3D digital CAD and quality control aspects.
models, which can then be analysed, modified, and stored. In the case of Bosnia and Herzegovina, it is used extensively
This technology is becoming essential for producers in the furniture industry, especially for reverse engineering and
who require accurate dimensional inspection, virtual imaging, design and development of new products.
analysis, and even physical prototype manufacturing in the Also, in the case of the old-style table support, it can be

early design stage. seen how reverse engineering, together with 3D scanning
Three-dimensional scanning is used in various industries, and 3D printing, can bring significant improvement to old